What is a Bunion?

A bunion is a deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the hallux (great toe) toward the second digit. Hallux abductovalgus involves several pathologies of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. There is an enlargement of the medial (inner) first metatarsal head and range of motion often becomes restricted. The position of the great toe often continues to deviate more laterally over time, which can lead to arthritic changes of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Bunions can be genetic or caused from faulty mechanics and are often associated with chronic use of high-heeled or ill-fitting footwear.